Impact of Illegal Drug Use Among Teens

For more than one hundred years, the United States has been managing the utilization and maltreatment of illicit medications. The central government has burned through billions of dollars since 1906 attempting to stop the creation, circulation, ownership and utilization of medications. The war on drugs has been long and exorbitant with negligible advancement made. In spite of the fact that the utilization of unlawful medications among adolescents has decreased, their maltreatment of physician recommended drugs has risen generously. Medication use is an intense issue among young and school age people and is available on each grounds over this country.Even however the war on drugs is continuous, the government’s endeavors to decrease tranquilize dealing has had little impact on the utilization or maltreatment of illicit medications among adolescents. Medication misuse proceeds to plaque our country, causing obliteration along its way, there is by all accounts no way out from thi s disturbing pattern. The most significant test for medicate strategy is to invert these risky patterns. Unlawful medications are effectively available; they are in our homes, schools, organizations and even in the correctional facilities and penitentiaries. They influence the vast majority in this country in some structure or another, in the case of manhandling them themselves or knowing somebody who does or has mishandled them.The utilization of medications right on time among youngsters is particularly hazardous, and regularly lead to useless, undesirable conduct. Inclusion in criminal equity framework, adolescent misconduct, untimely sexual action (which opens them to explicitly transmitted maladies and increment the danger of undesirable pregnancies), are totally connected with the utilization of illicit medications. The stunning expense for pointless social insurance, car collisions, wrongdoings coming about because of medication use and additional law implementation has cause d considerably more harm to a previously fizzling economy.If the administration is to push ahead in its endeavor to battle the war on drugs, it needs to make viable medication arrangements and grow better projects to stop the beginning of starting medication use. Educating today’s youth about the risks of illicit medications will demonstrate definitely more gainful than basically utilizing alarm strategies with harsher punishments. A key segment in the battle to spare the youngsters from drugs is viable medication training. The Narconon medicate educational program will show them why they should state â€Å"NO†, by helping them comprehend the enduring harm of drugs.In handling the high school tranquilize issue, first, we need to figure out what a portion of the hazard factors are that may have driven them down that way from the earliest starting point. How a kid connects in different settings like at school, with instructors, their companions, kin, guardians and in the ir neighborhood can assume a urgent job in their enthusiastic, social and psychological turn of events. On the off chance that they start to carry on in the class, bomb classes, have poor social adapting abilities, start to connect with an inappropriate group and change in generally speaking discernment about things they know aren't right similar to lying, drugs, violations, etc.These are for the most part warnings and ought to be examined and tended to right away. You need to take a stab at chatting with them or taking them to see an expert to discover what's up, if conceivable, change their condition, place them around positive companions, get them engaged with sports, church, social clubs. Take the necessary steps to keep things from spiraling crazy, use every one of your assets. Attempt to tell the youngster you are there and that you care about what they are experiencing, this could have a significant effect, in whether you reach them.If guardians read, instruct themselves of t he risks in utilizing medications, at that point and at exactly that point will they have the option to show their kids how to engaging in tranquilize use. To arrange enough exploration for a balanced paper destinations like; the Office on National Drug Control Policy, National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Internet, ProQuest, and the Ashford Online Library were utilized. These locales alongside others sources contained a plenitude of data, enough information to make an instructive paper.This research called attention to the social and wellbeing cost of illegal medication use, and further distinguished that sedate related disease, demise and wrongdoing, cost the country more than one hundred billion dollars per year. The Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) reports, of the 263,871 crisis office visits by youths age 12-17, about one tenth (8. 8 percent) included self destruction endeavors, just about three of each four (72. 3 percent) were females. Of the 95. 4 percent sedate related sui cides pharmaceuticals were included and more than three-fourths (77. 0 percent) finished with follow-up care (SAMHSA, 2008).The most noteworthy expense of all medication misuse is paid in the lost of human lives, either legitimately through overdose, or medication misuse related maladies, for example, tuberculosis, (AIDS) and hepatitis. (NIDA and NIAA, 1992). It was imperative to lead this exploration to make perusers mindful of exactly how awful society is bombing the young people of this country. The United States government can't do it without anyone else. This is a national issue and it will take a country to settle it, everybody needs to help or this battle will be always lost.After a right around ten-year decrease, maryjane is on the ascent again among youngsters. Secondary school seniors announced that they smoked pot more than cigarettes as per the National Institute on Drug Abuse ongoing â€Å"Monitoring the Future† overview. While 21. 4% confessed to utilizing maryj ane over the most recent 30 days, just 19. 2% smoked cigarettes during a similar time span. This was the first run through since 1981 that pot was utilized more than cigarettes in that age gathering. In spite of the fact that the general wellbeing efforts to decrease cigarette smoking among teenagers think about this as a triumph, its decay can fundamentally be added to the ascent of cannabis use.Many kids appear to feel that smoking pot is just â€Å"not that large of a deal†, all things considered, it is just pot; even eighth graders don't accept the hazard is that extraordinary. This sort of demeanor clarifies why there is a 1% expansion of every day use for eighth graders and a 3% expansion for tenth graders and means that weed use will probably keep on moving as these children draw nearer to graduation. Around one out of four seniors and one of every four tenth-graders said they smoked maryjane in the last year.Obama administration’s tranquilize despot, Gil Kerlik owske, accuses state clinical weed estimates like California’s Proposition 19 for causing pot to appear to be less perilous to youthful Americans. â€Å"Calling maryjane ‘smoked medicine’ is totally mistaken, youngsters have taken an inappropriate message† (Healy, 2010, p. A-10). As indicated by the executive of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Dr. Nora Volkow, in light of the fact that teenager’s cerebrums are as yet building up the expanded day by day utilization of cannabis is especially upsetting, since it has been known to cause learning and memory damage.The truth that they use pot all the more oftentimes puts them at a more serious danger of getting reliant on it and different medications. The utilization of the club medicate Ecstasy has expanded among eighth-and tenth graders yet not all medications indicated an expansion. The maltreatment of the solution torment prescription Vicodin was down to 8% contrasted with 9. 7% in 2009 and the illegal utilization of narcotic painkiller OxyContin rose among tenth-graders however stayed consistent with twelfth-graders. The utilization of medications recommended for a lack of ability to concentrate consistently scatter, (ADHD) for non-clinical reasons in the most recent year among secondary school seniors is 6. % and is about the equivalent for amphetamines use (Healy, 2010). One of the most recent developing adolescent patterns, which focuses on the inspecting of an assortment of physician endorsed medications and afterward drinking liquor is causing a lot of concern. Children feel that physician recommended drugs are more secure than road drugs, since they are endorsed by a specialist and are typically bought in a medication store.This is basically false; they really are all the more remarkable which makes them much increasingly perilous particularly while adding liquor to the blend. Nora Volkow, says, â€Å"Kids are not pharmacologists, they may state, Fentanyl OxyContin -what’s the distinction? So they take a lot of things and may consolidate them with liquor, that is a dangerous miscalculation† (Jetters, A, 2010-2011, p. 146). To accomplish sentiments of happiness, the measure of narcotic painkillers required is so near the sums that can kill you. In the event that you include liquor or sedatives like Klonopin, Valium, Xanax, which likewise discourages the minds respiratory focus. Only one gin and tonic joined with a 40 mg methadone pill can be lethal. They are playing a risky round of Russian roulette, one that they obviously don't understand.When you consider medications and how they got into the United States, the majority of us consider them originating from another nation, as perhaps Mexico or some place in South America. In any case, more now than any time in recent memory we need look no farther than our own medication cupboards. The times of taking an anti-inflamatory medicine or Tylenol for a cerebral pain, spinal pain or too thache are a distant memory. We would now be able to glance in our medication cupboards and look over an assortment of incredible extra painkillers recently endorsed to us for different a throbbing painfulness. For in the course of recent years, multiple times the quantity of narcotic medicines was written.Doctors recommended them at a pace of in excess of 180 million every year. By giving patients enough medicine to facilitate their torment, specialists trust it helps in the mending procedure and permits the patient to concentrate on recovering and not on the torment. This kind of basis may have made specialists over cure, consequently recommending painkillers for even the smallest torment. Painkillers like Vicodin, OxyContin, and Percocet are even recommended to youngsters that have scarcely arrived at puberty. This may clarify why they are the most mishandled pills among 12 and 13-year-olds (Jetters, A, 2010-2011, p. 148).Dentist and oral specialists are endorsing narcotic for st raightforward systems like molar extractions. Moreover, the children are being sent home with much a greater number of pills than they need. Indeed, kids feel

The 19 Best Colleges for Students With Learning Disabilities

The 19 Best Colleges for Students With Learning Disabilities SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Making sense of which universities you’re intrigued by is seemingly the most troublesome piece of the school application process. There’s such a great amount of data to filter through-how could brief grounds visits and instructive pamphlets truly reveal to you where you’ll be best? This procedure is considerably harder for understudies with learning handicaps. You need to ensure there are programs set up to assist you with being as well as can be expected be regardless of where you go to class. In the event that you need to apply to universities for understudies with learning inabilities, this article is an extraordinary spot to begin your school search. I'll begin by discussing what these specialtyprograms bring to the table before getting to the rankings. A short time later, I'll talk about the following stages to take in the event that you choose a learning handicap program is directly for you. What Makes a College Good for Students With Learning Disabilities? All schools in the US are required to have a handicaps office, which obliges understudies with various necessities. While handicap workplaces can be useful for calculated concerns, a few understudies need to a greater degree a strong structure set up with the end goal for them to feel good. All the schools recorded beneath go well beyond what's expected of them with regards to supporting understudies with learning handicaps. They offer a variety of steady projects, regularly worked by learning masters who are prepared in working with understudies with various necessities. Instances of strong administrations, projects, and methods incorporate the accompanying: Week by week gatherings with an advisor Diminished course load Extra mentoring help Specialcurricula Nearby learning authorities Singular gatherings with instructors Transitional summer programs Claim to fame workshops The schools beneath offer various mixes of these help administrations and in various degrees of structure. Not all the schools recorded will be fitting for all understudies with learning handicaps some offer significant levels of structure and backing, while others just offer progressively fundamental registration to ensure you're on track.It may be useful to consider how much help is perfect for you before you start your school search. Learning Disability Programs: What These College Rankings Mean Since a large number of the schools on this rundown are altogether different from each other (despite the fact that they all offer specific projects), there aren’t solid rankings records accessible. Every understudy should think of her as own exceptional needs when considering which particular projects would be best for her. To arrange this rundown of schools,I inquired about the best learning incapacity programs as per accumulated records and suppositions from the learning inability network. Rather than relegating a self-assertive position to each school, I sorted out the universities by type, which ought to be progressively valuable. Here, you can find out about programsat schools exclusively for understudies for learning incapacities. Or on the other hand in the event that you need to be a piece of a learning inability program that’s implanted inside a school, you can contrast programs at littler networks and some bigger, all the more notable ones. Note that the vast majority of these learning inability programs accompany an extra expense on educational cost on the off chance that they're implanted inside a school or college. In the event that data about the program cost was accessible, I remembered it for the program portrayal. Peruse on to see the best projects for understudies with learning inabilities everywhere and little universities. Afterward, I'll go over certain schools eminent for cateringonlyto understudies with learning inabilities. Like Goldilocks, you should concentrate on an ideal choice for you. In contrast to Goldilocks, you won't end up pursued from a house by irate bears. Bigger Colleges for Students With Learning Disabilities The accompanying learning handicap programs are commonly found at medium to enormous universities. On the off chance that you need even more an average school experience yet at the same time need the extra help and consideration that accompanies a particular program, these may be acceptable choices for you. Remember that you'll liable to need to apply to both the school and the learning inability program. American University (Learning Services Program) Washington, DC Situated in the Academic Support and Access Center (ASAC), the Learning Services Program (LSP) offers a few quality emotionally supportive networks for qualifying understudies. Enrollees have week after week singular gatherings with a program facilitator or advisor and talk with a program organizer throughout the late spring to examine enlistment and course choice. Different advantages incorporate the accompanying: Enlistment in a held area of the first year recruit composing class Week by week gatherings with a composing guide for the green bean composing class Individualized course prompting Upperclass understudy tutor The LSP is a one-year program and makes some one-memories charge of $4,850. Bellevue College(OLS Degree) Bellevue, WA Bellevue College offers a partner degree in Occupational and Life Skills (OLS) for grown-up understudies with learning handicaps. Understudies in the OLS program go through 10-14 hours of the week in the homeroom, accepting classes in subjects, for example, work environment critical thinking, solid connections, and individual fund. They additionally complete a 200-hour entry level position at a nearby business as a feature of their graduation prerequisite. 85% of their alumni are utilized. Educational cost is $455 per credit. DePaul University (Center for Students with Disabilities) Chicago, IL DePaul University is home to the Center for Students with Disabilities (CSD), a division that practices inspecifically addressing the requirements of understudies with learning handicaps and consideration shortfall issue. In excess of twelve housing are offered relying upon the understudy's specific needs. CSD understudies likewise approach a Learning Specialist Clinician for extra scholastic direction. East Carolina University (STEPP Program) Greenville, NC The STEPP (Supporting Transition and Education Through Planning and Partnernships) Program offers scholastic, social, and fundamental abilities help to understudies with learning inabilities at ECU. It starts with month to month bulletins and a pre-school bootcamp to assist understudies with getting ready for school before they even start their first day. When they start school, members get coaching and prompting, a lodging task inside an assigned home corridor, free examination courses and a necessary report lobby to help structure their timetable, and direction building up an expert portfolio to help with finding a new line of work after graduation. Just 10 understudies are acknowledged into the program every year, except for those that are, there are no extra charges for being in STEPP. Northeastern University (Learning Disabilities Program) Boston, MA Northeastern is a generally huge college that offers numerous nearby assets to its understudies. The individuals who are a piece of the Learning Disabilities Program (LDP) meet twice consistently with a LDP pro to chip away at their scholarly and general fundamental abilities. This expert likewise guides understudies to different assets that are accessible nearby, for example, subject-explicit coaching. The expense for the LDP is $2,900 per semester. College of Arizona (SALT Center) Tucson, AZ The University of Arizona's Strategic Alternative Learning Techniques (SALT) Center offers genuinely far reaching backing to understudies and is perfect for the individuals who need the air of a huge school. SALT enrollees have week after week gatherings with a key learning expert and access to numerous different administrations, including the accompanying: Content-explicit mentoring Instructive technical support Fundamental abilities and scholarly methodologies workshops Mental administrations Life and ADHD instructing (this is independent from the SALT charge) Lower-division understudies pay $2,800 per semester, which incorporates coaching. Upper-division understudies pay $1,200 per semester, with mentoring costing an extra $21 60 minutes. College of Connecticut (Beyond Access Program) Storrs, CT The University of Connecticut offers a couple of various alternatives for understudies with learning handicaps. The significant help program is the Beyond Access Program (BAP), in which understudies meet week by week with a prepared Strategy Instructor (SI) to create significant aptitudes. The SI centers around a few ranges of abilities, including the accompanying: Time the executives and association Study aptitudes Stress the executives Self-backing Memory and fixation Social aptitudes Profession prep Wellbeing and health Perusing and composing methodologies There are two distinctive program levels: the BAP charge is $1,800 per semester for one SI meeting seven days, or $3,600 per semester for three SI gatherings seven days. College of Denver (Learning Effectiveness Program) Denver, CO The University of Denver's Learning Effectiveness Program (LCP) offers understudies with learning inabilities scholarly directing, subject-explicit coaching, time and authoritative administration help, and extraordinary understudy occasions. The program expense is $1,350 per quarter. College of Iowa (REACH Program) Iowa City, IA The University of Iowa's Realizing Educational and Career Hopes (REACH) program is a strong choice for understudies who need additional help or who aren’t prepared to hop into the school experience at this time. REACH isan instructive program in its own right, particular explicitly for understudies with scholarly, subjective, or potentially learning inabilities. Thistwo-year progress declaration program gives understudies a major 10 college experience and guarantees they're upheld all through the instructive procedure. Administrations offered by the REACH program incorporate the accompanying: Little gathering guidance Certifiable open doors for hands-on learning Exceptional occasions and care staff Chances to take an interest in UI courses with the help of REACH staff Educational cost, charges, and costs for t

The Science of Social Timing

The Science of Social Timing You’ve been working on a social media post for at least an hour or two â€" thinking through your points, actually writing them down, editing the post, tweaking it, rereading it to see that it flows perfectly, fact-checking, confirming the validity of your ideas, and to top it all off, finding the perfect picture to go with the post.After putting in all this work, you are confident that the post will attract lots of engagement.So you hit the send button and sit back waiting to respond to the comments.Unfortunately, several hours down the line, your post has only gotten a handful of likes, and just a single comment.Looking at the post, you just can’t believe it. You spent a lot of mental energy and burned a lot of precious time crafting that post.The post is not the problem. You know it is fantastic, a masterpiece.You know you poured your heart into it, that you spoke directly to your audience, that this is exactly the kind of post people gravitate towards, the kind of post that co nverts silent followers into commenters. In spite of all that, the post tanked.Whatever could you have done wrong?Well, have you considered that maybe you published your post at the wrong time of day?If you had been a little more patient and posted at a more opportune time, you would be swimming in a sea of likes and comments, rather than the silence you’re experiencing right now.Yes, when it comes to posting on social media, timing matters. A lot.So, which is the best time to post something on social media? Why is timing so important? Does the same timing apply to all social platforms, or are there different optimum times depending on the platform?Read on to find out.WHY TIMING IS IMPORTANT WHEN POSTING 1. Get More EngagementThis is a no-brainer. If you post at a time when most users of the social media site are online, you will get more engagement. People can only like, share, or comment on the posts they see.Most social platforms allow the latest posts get more eyeballs than po sts that have been around for a while.It is therefore best to post when there is a maximum number of eyeballs on the site to ensure your fresh post gets as much attention as possible.All the major social media sites and apps are increasingly algorithm-driven.The algorithms are more favorable to posts with a lot of engagement compared to those with little engagement.This means you could have the best post ever, but if you post at the wrong time, when there are not enough receptive people online to see it, the post will not be a success.On the other hand, if you post at a time when a large percentage of your audience is online, the post is likely to get more likes, comments, and shares.After that, the algorithms kick in â€" the more engagement a post gets, the more it gets rewarded by the algorithm, so it is given more attention for longer while posts with less engagement fall by the wayside.Engagement creates momentum, but the way to set the ball rolling in the first place is to get your timing right.2. Differences in Time ZonesTiming is not necessarily clear-cut. A lot also depends on what time zones your core audience lives in. It could be daytime in one time zone but nighttime in another.If you run a blog, the blog analytics tools tell you which countries your readers are reading your blog from.Using that information, you can figure out what time is most optimal for your core readers depending on where your target audience are.Of course, you might have to experiment a little before figuring out the best timing for a particular target audience.If you are targeting people in the United States, for instance, there are 6 time zones to consider. They are (with an example city provided):Pacific Standard Time (PST) â€" Los AngelesCentral Standard Time(CST) â€" ChicagoEastern Standard Time (EST) â€" New YorkMountain Standard Time (MST) â€" Salt Lake CityAlaska Standard Time (AKST) â€" AnchorageHawaii Standard Time (HST) â€" HonoluluIf your content is both for domest ic and international audiences, you have to figure out the most optimal timing for your particular audience.Analytics tools can help you see what countries most of your audience comes from. With that information, you can craft an effective posting schedule.3. Target AudienceTiming is not just about getting the maximum amount of eyeballs on your content. They also have to be the right eyeballs.For instance, if your target audience is business executives, posting at a time when most business executives are with work rather than idly scrolling down a social media site means that majority of them will not see your post.Sure, many other people â€" non-executives in this case â€" might see your post, but the post will not gain any significant engagement or success, since the people seeing the post at that time do not really care about your content.If your target audience is potential clients who may be off the computer all day (like hair stylists, car salespeople, and medical professional s), it’s best to avoid posting during working hours and post during lunch or after work hours.Post at the wrong time and you will get the wrong people (not your target audience) seeing your post.Since they don’t care about your content, they won’t engage with the post, which in turn means that the social algorithms will consider it to be a low quality post and therefore allow the post to fall below other posts driving more significant engagement.You therefore need to be very strategic and intentional in the times you post your content.4. Not All Days Are Made EqualTiming is also about the day of the week you are posting on.Social media users are more active on some days than others.For instance, users interested in professional content will be more active on weekdays, while users interested in entertainment content will be more active during the weekends.The best days are determined by a variety of factors such as your audience, your message, and the medium you are using.The b est days for posting on Facebook or Instagram might not be the best days for posting on Twitter or on your blog.This is especially relevant to marketers and anyone selling a product online. You are likely to see an increase in sales if you publish your most critical posts on the most optimal days and times.If you are selling or marketing something, always remember to include a call to action in the post. This ensures that you don’t waste all the traffic your post attracts.Remember that there is no single perfect day of the week that will always work for you.There is no magic day that works for everyone.Things are ever in flux when it comes to social media and online marketing. You have to keep experimenting and tweaking to find the best days for your audience, content, and medium.5. Good Timing Enables Conversations to Happen on Your PostPosting is not the only aspect of social timing you must keep in mind.Creating an audience is not just about posting. You also have to forge a ra pport with your audience by replying or reacting to the comments of your fans and followers.Real-time interactions between you and your audience will only happen when you are online at the same time as your followers.Being online at the same time as your followers and quickly responding to their comments can lead to interesting conversations happening on the comment section of your post, leading to even more comments, likes, shares and views for the post.An interesting post may convert a silent follower into a vocal one, but it is interaction with your followers that creates an engaged audience.This is especially important for anyone marketing a product. You are more likely to make a sale if you reply to a query instantly. If you wait too long before responding, the person may lose interest and move on.Post at times when your followers are most likely to not only read the post, but also engage with it via comments.When you post at a high-traffic time, your followers will start conve rsations on the comment section. They will ask questions or give thoughts, or maybe even make a joke.Over time, these followers will create a community that eagerly awaits your posts because your posts have become points of connection for them.BEST POSTING TIMES FOR DIFFERENT SITESOptimal posting times differ for different social media sites. This is because social media sites exist for different purposes and each attract a different kind of audience.For instance, LinkedIn exists for professional networking while YouTube exists to disseminate video content.The person on LinkedIn wants to connect with people who can help him or her in his professional life, while the person on YouTube wants to find interesting content.People on LinkedIn are not likely to visit the site at night, when the work day is over, but people on YouTube will definitely flock to the platform at night to watch entertaining or educative videos.This means that a high-traffic time on one platform could be a low-tra ffic time on another. Knowing the high-traffic and low-traffic times of the social media sites you’re working with will ensure your posts attract as many eyeballs as possible.However, you should also realize that you cannot rely on the same set of tactics indefinitely.Social media is highly dynamic, and what worked a few months ago may not yield success today. You have to be adaptable in your approach to social media marketing.Furthermore, just because a certain approach or timing worked for others, it doesn’t mean it will work for you as well. You see, a lot depends on the audience you have, your business, industry, and the overall communication and engagement styles you prefer.As we have pointed out, the best timing for each platform is unique to the platform and can also be idiosyncratic to your particular content and audience.For that reason, we have chosen a reputable authority in digital marketer Neil Patel, and tested his recommendations.What we like about Neil’s recomm endations is that unlike other authorities on the matter, he does not provide specific times and dates.Neil understands only too well the dynamism of social media â€" what worked yesterday may not work today. Recommending definite times and dates would not be useful to you, because who knows when you are going to read this post?To ensure the advice we give in this post is evergreen, we have chosen Neil Patel’s expert recommendations on how to handle timing for different mediums. Below are his recommendations.1. Twitter TimingTwitter is one of the most active social media sites. Since tweets consist of only 280 characters (this was doubled from 140 in 2018), Twitter users are motivated to post often and at a rapid pace.Neil Patel advises content creators and marketers on Twitter to post regularly, at least once every hour for all the seven days of the week.As we have said, Twitter is extremely active, so every post you make has to fight tooth and nail for your audience’s attentio n.While it is true that even on Twitter there is a peak time when posting is most optimal, Neil explains that on Twitter you must engage with people around the world at all times of day and night.Yes, it is impossible for you to post every single hour of the day â€" you must sleep too, we know.That is why we recommend scheduling tools like MeetEdgar and Buffer, which will keep pushing out your prewritten tweets even when you are asleep or enjoying time away from the internet.Use social media analytics tools to see what times your tweets get the most attention and engagement.You can then ramp up your activity during those times or reserve your most important posts for those times.A good example of an analytics tool for Twitter is Union Metrics, which comes with a Twitter Assistant tool that gives you customized recommendations on things such as best time to tweet, hashtags that drive most impressions, and best content types to post on Twitter.Another good tool is Tweriod, which analy ses your account and lets you know the times at which you are going to receive the most exposure for your tweets. Tweriod’s reports break down this information into daily and hourly periods when you can expect the highest engagement for your tweets.2. Facebook TimingAny digital marketer cannot afford to ignore Facebook.While it depends on your audience (teenagers are more likely to be on Instagram than Facebook), Facebook is the acknowledged big dog in the world of social media. It has billions of users and dominates the social media space. Source: OberloIf you play your cards right, you can capture a bigger chunk of followers on this platform by curating great content and posting it at high-traffic times.Facebook is especially great for selling. If you have a product to bring to market, you should have Facebook on your list of platforms to market the product on.Most people are on Facebook, so capitalize on that with great content and strategic timing.The best way to determine the best time to post on Facebook is using Facebook’s analytics tool. The tool will help you determine what timing works best for your content’s audience.The advantage you get with Facebook is that Facebook itself provides the analytics tool. You can find it by logging into your Facebook page and selecting Facebook Page Insights.Using the tool, you can observe the times when your followers are most active, the time zones they post from, and more useful data.To get the most optimal posting time, you will need to use data from the Facebook analy tics tool to experiment and find out the time that works best for you and your audience.3. Instagram TimingIf you are on Instagram, it’s a bit easier for you because the Instagram posts have a longer life expectancy than posts on Twitter and Facebook.However, that does not mean you should rest on your laurels as gradually more and more content is being put out on Instagram.As with Twitter and Facebook, your best strategy when posting on Instagram is using an analytics tools such as Iconosquare. Such a tool will show you the location of your followers.Using that information, post several times during the day, timing your posts such that it’s morning in the time zones of majority of your followers.The idea is simple: a lot of people log into Instagram first thing in the morning.4. Email TimingEmail marketing is a reliable and lucrative way to engage with an audience, and it gives you a good return on investment.For every dollar you invest in email marketing, you get 38 dollars. Em ail marketing is the king of digital marketing as it consistently gives the biggest returns. Email also has a higher conversion rate than search and social. Email has higher conversion rate compared to social media. Source: OptinMonsterEmail is therefore an excellent medium for sharing content and engaging with leads and customers. To ensure your content gets noticed, just as with social, you must strategically pick the best time to post your content.Factors such as type of content and your specific industry will affect timing.However, we recommend mornings as a time when you are likely to get a higher engagement rate compared to posting in the afternoons or evenings.Whatever you do, don’t post email content at night â€" unless of course your target audience is in a different time zone.Where email marketing is concerned, the period between 10 pm and 6 am is considered a “dead zone” because few people check their emails at night. Even if they do check their emails, they are more likely to concentrate on personal messages and ignore marketing messages.On the other hand, in the mornings people are more likely to open marketing emails as they are not yet very busy. As the day progresses, they become more and more busy and may not have the time to read a marketing message.You can check your own email account and you will definitely notice that most marketing messages are sent to you early in the morning.Send yours just as early, so your audience can have something to read right out of bed, at the breakfast table, or during their morning commute, before they get to their office and get too busy to read marketing emails.5. Blog Post TimingOf all the platforms you can use for posting content, your blog posts are going to have the longest lifespans. A Facebook post is lucky to last a few days.A tweet disappears even faster. A blog post, on the other hand, can remain evergreen for year.You can re-share a blog article you posted in 2012 and it will still get lots of hits today, if it has an eye-catching headline and good, evergreen content.New readers on your blog can also scroll through your archives and read all your posts.If such is the case with blogs, is timing even relevant? How often should you publish on your blog and at what time?Neil Patel recommends publishing at least 16 articles every month, which translates to about 4 posts a week. The idea is to publish regularly. Consistency and frequency helps you build a loyal audience and drives up your blog traffic.If you publish during peak times, you will have increased traffic on the blog and increased engagement, but you will also be competing for attention with so many other content creators.On the other hand, if you publish during downtimes, such as the night, competition for attention will decrease, but you will have less traffic on your blog.Owing to the fact that blog posts do not expire quickly, you can focus on promotion and sharing of the posts on different channels. Timing is not as big a factor in this case as it is on Facebook or Twitter.WRAPPING UPPost timing is very important on social media and determines the amount of views a nd engagement your posts are going to attract.The optimal post timing will depend on your content, your audience, your industry, the platform where you are sharing the post, and so on.It is important to note that optimal posting time can be counter-intuitive. What you think might be the best time might not necessarily be the best time.For instance, you might assume that weekdays at lunchtime is the most optimal time, but then in reality, it might turn out that the best time for that platform is in the early evening or early morning.The point here is that you should not rely on guesswork.Use analytics tools, and even then do not immediately accept the tool’s verdict until you have tested it like a hypothesis to see if that timing will yield consistently good results.

The Entertainment Industry Essay - 1623 Words

Everywhere we walk we see people being controlled by puppeteers. Well in this case the puppeteers are the entertainment industry. Our choices of entertainment determine who we are to an extent. It is more of how we act on the influences we see in entertainment. We all love juicy drama and scandals because it adds suspense in our lives. We like seeing who wore it best when you open up a magazine just because it gives us something to do on our spare time. What makes us mold our behavior and thinking when it comes to entertainment is how you stay true to yourself and not let the tabloids and television shows change the person you originally were. Mass entertainment has determined the type of people who are in our society in a negative light by the reality television shows and social media being involved in our everyday lives. The common way we get away from our sometimes boring or stressful lives is by seeing what is going on in mass media such as your favorite reality television show. All the drama going on in the reality star’s life keeps us on our toes by wondering what is going to happen next just like movies do so. By having us constantly think of what he did or what she said makes us want more and is what makes us tune in each week. We like to see big fancy mansions and cars you would not see in your local neighborhood, unless you live next to a Kardashian. All the reality stars are rich and for personal goals some may aim to have all those things in our lives. We wantShow MoreRelatedThe On The Entertainment Industry1074 Words   |  5 PagesThose who have followed my work for awhile know that I am one who believes strongly in highlighting young people in the entertainment industry. During season three of When Calls the Heart, I had the opportunity to briefly interview both Ava Grace Cooper and her brother, Christian Michael Cooper. While both were featured on the show, my chat with Christian happened before his character, Timmy, even appeared on the show. As a result, I was not aware of the caliber of acting this young thespian wasRead MoreThe Modern Entertainment Industry1776 Words   |  8 Pagesprimitive needs such as food and shelter, most humans within modern society cannot survive without attention from others and entertainment such as movies and television. Humans are simply not satisfied until they get their needs met. The modern entertainment industry is enormous. With an immense industry comes an even more substantial amount of workers. With such a large industry comes an excessive amount of pressure to produce fresh, never before seen material to entertain the masses. Not only is thereRead MoreThe Media And Entertainment Industries Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pagesand audio communication. This would allow citizens to acquire information from economics and politics, which would benefit citizens by staying informed about specific topics. However, the media and entertainment industries would eventually expand their ide as for new channel stations, so that the industries could appeal to a new target audience. This new target audience would emerge as children between the ages of 3-18, due to the creation of new animations that would entertain and educate children.Read MoreThe Film Industry And Its Impact On The Entertainment Industry971 Words   |  4 Pagesthe U.S. film industry, marking the inclusion of sound at the movies one of the most dramatic changes in all of film history. At first the concept of synchronized sound had many studios worried about the economic risk. As history goes on to prove, anything that requires growth and change, includes the willingness to take a chance. Had it not been for the leading creators of the early 20th century, one of the biggest and most profound economic advancements in the entertainment industry would have neverRead MoreAre Celebrities Overpaid? : The Entertainment Industry1663 Words   |  7 PagesCole Anderson Mrs. Gallos English 3H 18 April 2016 Are Entertainers Overpaid? The entertainment industry in America has taken businesses to new heights and provided everyone with something to always look forward too. Americans love entertainment and are always willing to pay, but is it worth the price of millions? Today s entertainment has reached its peak, but Americans are starting to question whether or not the entertainers truly deserve the money they are given. Are entertainers paid what theyRead MoreThe Media And Its Impact On The Entertainment Industry Essay1282 Words   |  6 Pagesanalysis of this issue? Specifically, I will attempt to highlight the use of gender stereotypes in the form of visual advertisements, such as magazines and television commercials. I will also be considering the use of gender stereotypes in the entertainment industry, particularly in the making of TV shows and movies. The power of the media in transcending gender - related information is well-described by Tom Bogt, an interdisciplinary social science researcher, in his scholarly article, â€Å"Shake It BabyRead MoreMass Media And The Entertainment Industry949 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluenced by an outside force like mass media and the entertainment industry? Some believe that mass media and the entertainment industry should be responsible for causing eating disorders in young girls, while others believe differently. I believe that mass media and the entertainment industry portray beauty in a deadly way, since they establish a false image of a â€Å"perfect† woman. Others think that mass media and the entertainment industry should not be accountable for eating disorders becauseRead MoreThe Issues Facing The Entertainment Industry848 Words   |  4 PagesAs technology advances, so do the issues that come with it. One of the biggest issues facing the entertainment industry is piracy. It is illegal under federal law to copy or reproduce someone else’s work without their permission, not to mention it is also unethical. There are arguments to be made that it is hurting the entertainment industry by losing revenue. While people may try to justify illegally copying technology the truth is it is no different than someone robbing a bank. When a studio producesRead MoreImpact Of Technology On The Entertainment Industry Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesJillian Menkhaus Marlaina Kehrer Emilee Cornell Patrice Hill Entertainment and Technology Technology has been beneficial to the entertainment industry. the Internet has evolved over the course of time, we are able to browse the internet, communicate in a more proficient way, live stream, and sharing memories with family and friends. The Internet can be used in many different ways but entertainment has improved the internet’s popularity.Technology has provided use with more ways to entertainRead MoreMicrosoft Versus Sony : Entertainment Battle The Entertainment Industry1378 Words   |  6 PagesMicrosoft versus Sony: The Entertainment Battle The entertainment industry is a major cash cow for many different organizations. There are some that create different movies and television shows; others compete in the realm of music. The video game industry is yet another aspect of the entertainment industry. Two companies stand tall as the number one and two competitors within the heap. Sony and Microsoft have separated themselves from amongst the pack as the leaders to wa tch within this generation

Competency Framework in Prescribing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1178 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2018/12/19 Category Health Essay Type Case study Level High school Tags: Communication Essay Did you like this example? Communication between the doctor and the patient determines the success of the consultation. Hence, there is a high correlation between medical outcomes and the consultation that exist between medical practitioners and patients. Point to note is that patients are not only physically ill or distressed emotionally but also are likely to be suffering from both conditions exclusively. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Competency Framework in Prescribing" essay for you Create order During the consultation process it is hard to determine whether both states prevails or not. Therefore, the medical practitioner, is required to use the skills attained in the medical training to learn the prevailing condition. Being keen and listening to the patient is what the doctor is expected to show in the commencement of the treating of the patient. Moreover, the medical practitioner will determine while noting whether the patient is physical or emotionally distressed or even both.it goes without to mention that the medical practitioner is required to involve the patient actively in the process (Shirley 2012). Traditionally medical consultation did not evidently show the involvement but till lately the status quo where the society and health sector has embraced the changes. Also, the reduction in the risk factors has been emphasized mostly, to persuade the patients to embrace the preventive measures and convince them to avoid risks to their health. Consequently, most of the patients have shown the urge to know more than they see some issues(Dean 2013).Additionally, they have demonstrated the need to be involved in the decisions concerning their welfare and treatment in that matter. This decides the probabilities of the success in the treatment and probably the side effects of the medical treatment. However, some patients decide to leave the decision making of their health to the medical practitioners. Though this is right, but it is crucial and advisable to be the part of patient treatment. When the decision is left on the doctors freedom, he or she has supposed to advice accordingly the patient on the probabilities of success and the side effects as well (PSNC 2013) Worth to note, while building the relationship between the patient and the doctor, the medical practitioner is expected to greet the patient and welcome them warmly, and if possible would be appropriate to greet them by their name. This creates a good a rapport and the patient ha s the feeling of belonging in the medical facility. Next, the medical practitioner is expected to observe and detect any emotional distress and respond accordingly (Shirley 2012). That said, the medical practitioner now is involved in keen listening to the patient noting down the physical and psychological distresses that they may be prevailing in their reach of treatment. Also, the medical practitioner takes the data from the patient noting them down without interruption. Consequently, creates trust and confidence, crucial to the treatment process. The patient gets the first impression from the medical practitioner by the rapport they build by listening to their health matters. That said, the doctor brings forth the detailed explanatory design to get more of what the patient expects from him or her, it involves considering additional factors to assist in making decision. Finally, the medical practitioner will give a comprehensive understanding about the issues raised by the pati ent and share with the patient (Selye 2011) A management plan is provided by ensuring the appropriate information is available to the patient and reassure the dependency of the info. Moreover, the proposal created should be negotiable, to give the patient the freedom to express them on the likelihood of attaining every set goal in the plan. Also, further consultations are made by creating more links (Kvinkina 2010) Better medical practice requires that any practitioner must work and recognize the limits at which ones competence has reached. Also keeping the skills and knowledge gained up to date (Murray 2002).Hence developing and maintaining skills and knowledge in pharmacology is required.in addition, medicine management, and prescribing expertise is essential in the ones skills of prescribing. Prescribing safety can be improved by use of electronic system whereby for instance you highlight the interactions as well as the allergies accompanied by your prescription (Dean 20 13). Also, compatibility and consistency of the medicine prescribed, administered and supplied are of importance in the practice.it is critical to note that the medicine and healthcare regulatory bodies provide the information to support the use of medicine that is safe, as well as the medication you tend to prescribe. Therefore, for safe prescribing of medicine, clinical governance creates a framework in which NHS institutions can improve the safety and quality of patient services. Consequently, SFT priority is to ensure that the safety and quality of the health services to patients is preserved.in addition, every prescription is done under standards of prescribing practice. On-medical practitioners (NMPs) might prescribe in the medication range as per qualification (IP or SP) and under competence and experience (Robert 2009) In the practice of prescribing by NMPs must let the patients know that they are getting services from an NMP as well the limit at which is allowed to gi ve the prescription. The reason behind making the notifications is to ensure that the patient to some particular point is expected to be referred to another higher professional level to access more advanced health services. Clinical management plans are put in place and ensured that is followed by the letter.NMPs in case of prescription is expected to give the limit of their practice and keep the records appropriately (Marcel 2005) Prescribing practice is expected to fall under the local and international guidelines and SFT medicine policies. Hence, NMPs have to be aware of the latest BNF while prescribing.in reporting of the adverse side effects of the drugs administered must be reported using the yellow card system guidelines. Therefore, NMPs should be updated on the skills and knowledge on the prescribing to maintain the safety of the patients. The prescription must be recorded on the SFT prescriptions forms to whether in the inpatient medicine charts or the discharge summary. Although the NMP is not expected to prescribe and administer the prescription, they have written and advisable to let the other competent practitioner be involved in measuring the accuracy (PNMC 2013) Consultation and prescribing in the medical field is inevitable and forms the foundation of the treating process of the patients. Consequently, helps to build trust among the patients and medical practitioners. Therefore, knowledge and skills are required to make it a success.it is essential to that due to the rise of many cases involving misinformation given by non-medical practitioners, then the government should come up with strict rules and regulations to curb the cruel practices. References Marcel. D. (2005). Dietary Suppliments.McGraw-Hill.New York. Shirley F. Barbara J. (2012). Health Professionals Style Manual.? Robert W. (2009). Successful Scientific Writing: Guide for the Biological and Medical Sciences.? Murray P Rosenthal K, (2002). Medical Microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby. Dean.W. (2013).Smart Drugs and Nutrients; Santa cruz.p222. Sokolowaska.M. (2011).Medicine and Society, Problemy. Kvankina.E (2010).Body Resistance and Adaptions, Rostov State University, p126. Selye.H. (2011).Stress Without Distress.Toronto.Stewart. Standards for medicines management, NMC, Sept 2012 Prescribing Rights PSNC, June 2013

Xbrl Free Essays

string(1013) " of Information Press Release Once Every Event is tagged in XBRL†¦ G/L Package ERP IAS Financial Statement in German US GAAP Financial Statement In English French Tax Filing Investors Creditors XBRL Custom Developed Systems XBRL XBRL Government Other Sources of Information Canadian Banking Filing XBRL News Agencies And Others Other Sources of Information Other Sources of Information EDGAR 10k line item via Cell Phone XBRL Working Model: Planned Specifications XBRL for G/L Journal Entry Reporting XBRL for Financial Statements XBRL for EDGAR Filings Processes Business Operations Internal Financial Reporting External Financial Reporting Investment and Lending Analysis XBRL for Business Event Reporting XBRL for Tax Filings Financial Publishers and Data Aggregators Participants Companies Investors Trading Partners Management Accountants Auditors Regulators Software Vendors XBRL: not a Transaction Protocol What it is †¢ XBRL is merely a format to serialize complex, structured financial data: e\." The Next Technology Revolution XML XBRL 1 Today’s Objectives †¢ Overview of XML XBRL †¢ Show you how this technology makes doing EBusiness: – Faster – Cheaper – Better †¢ Conclusion 2 Let’s move up the Value Chain Transactions Data Information Knowledge Decisions Transactions Data Information Knowledge Decisions Transactions Data Information Knowledge Decisions Transactions Data Information Knowledge Decisions 3 Evolution to Web Services Web Program the Web Browse the Web Web Services Text Files Web Pages Innovation FTP, E-Mail, Gopher Connectivity TCP/IP HTML XML 4 Automation Presentation Technology XML XML stands for: eXtensible Markup Language Universally accepted method of exchanging information 5 eXtensible Markup Language †¢ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦is a meta markup language the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) considers a universal standard for describing both structured data and the behavior of applications that process the language. 6 What Is XML? †¢ â€Å"XML is a platform-independent, self-describing, expandable, standard data exchange format 7 XML is Platform Independent †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Windows Unix Macintosh Mainframe Linux 8 XML is Self-Describing Self†¢ Example: – July 26, 1998 †¢ Describes the information, not the presentation †¢ Format neutral XML is Expandable †¢ Whereas HTML has a fixed set of tags – , , †¢ XML lets you create your own tags – – – 10 How does it work? †¢ XML gives meaning to information through the use of tags Saad Hafizi COB Chairman, Novac 21 Caution.. We will write a custom essay sample on Xbrl or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¦Just because something is .. Does not mean it is accurate? 11 The XML Puzzle XML Document Core Schema Transformation Tools Industry Specific Vocabularies Company Specific Vocabulary 12 How XML Works How XML Works Improves the way companies — and applications — share information Enjoys strong industry and vendor support 13 What is ‘XML’? †¢ What XML is Not – Not a religion. Not the solution to all world problems. – Not a solution for all electronic commerce problems. – Not a solution to all legal-technology problems. †¢ XML is a Tool – XML is a Really Cool (Powerful) Tool! – Like all tools, XML can be used wisely and unwisely. 14 Why is XML so Important? †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Portable Vendor neutral Readable data format More flexible and easier to use than EDI All major software products are becoming â€Å"XML† enabled †¢ Defacto standards for data exchange †¢ Enabling ne w levels of interoperability 15 XML †¢ Widely expected to reduce cost of publishing to the Net by as much as 50%. And by next year Gartner Group prediction 70% of all B2B transactions executed on the Web will be done using XML. 16 Who defines the tags? †¢ Tags are defined by industry consortiums †¢ Each industry’s standard tags are commonly referred to as a taxonomy 17 â€Å"Content in Context† (Industry-specific) Auto Industry Chemical Industry Publishing or Mythology Music Industry Aerospace Astronomy 18 Who’s Building Taxonomies? Accounting Economics EDI Healthcare Legal Publishing Science Advertising Architecture Communication E-Commerce Financial Insurance News Retail Supply Chain 19 Automotive Banking Education ERP HR Music Real Estate Software Defines Tags 20 XBRL International is gaining strength †¢ XBRL activities occurring in— – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – United States Canada Australia China Hong Kong Japan Malaysia New Zealand Singapore Taiwan Germany India Ireland Netherlands Nordic Federation (Denmark, Norway, Sweden) South Africa Spain Switzerland United Kingdom †¢ And on a global level through the— – International Accounting Standards Council – International Press Telecommunications Council – International Standards Organization 21 XBRL International is gaining strength †¢ On a Global level through the— – – International Accounting Standards Council International Press Telecommunications Council International Standards Organization †¢ On a Country Level: – – – – – – à ¢â‚¬â€œ – – – – – – – – – – – United States Canada Australia China Hong Kong Japan Malaysia New Zealand Singapore Taiwan Germany India Ireland Netherlands Nordic Federation (Denmark, Norway, Sweden) South Africa Spain Switzerland United Kingdom 22 XBRL Impact â€Å"The explosive growth of the Internet is not only changing the way companies conduct their business, it also promises to forever alter the way they communicate business performance. – CFO Magazine, February 2000 23 XBRL Documents †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ XBRL for Financial Statements XBRL for General Ledger XBRL for Journal Entry Reporting XBRL for Credit Reporting XBRL for Performance Press Releases XBRL for Risk Reporting XBRL for Regulatory Filings XBRL for Tax Filings XBRL for Assurance Schedules XBRL for Authoritative Literature XBRL for â€Å"Business† Reporting 2 4 Who’s Embracing XML now? †¢ Software developers Using XML as the core technology for new products †¢ Database developers Building XML support into their products. †¢ Industry groups Deciding how information should be shared. Organizations Investigating how to tie their inter and intra company processes together. 25 †¢ XML for Financial Reporting †¢ Enables a dramatic improvement in the processing of financial reports †¢ XBRL documents can be— – – – – – Prepared efficiently Exchanged reliably Published more easily Analyzed quickly Retrieved by investors simply to enable smarter investments 26 Benefits †¢ XBRL is: – NOT a new accounting standards but enhances the distribution and usability of existing financial statement information – Enabler and an extension for relational database functionality for all financial statement information 7 Problems XBRL Addresses †¢ Ineffective commu nication to investors †¢ Inefficient aggregation and analysis †¢ Inefficient creation of financial statements 28 Why XBRL ? Enable business reporting that leverages the Internet XML Effective access and analysis of business reports Improve corporate communications with stakeholders 29 Who benefits Process Benefits: Lowering Financial Reporting Cost †¢ Today’s external reporting processes – Rework and delay – Ad hoc and non repeatable – No path forward Accounting System Explanatory Text Third Party Information Printed Financials Regulatory Filings Web Site Tax Return Trade Filings 30 Who benefits Process Benefits: Lowering Financial Reporting Cost †¢ Common interchange format and storage is good information management practice – Reduces redundancies discrepancies – Repeatable processes using tools – A platform for continuous reporting Accounting System Explanatory Text Third Party Information XBRL Documents Printed Financials Regulatory Filings Web Site Tax Return Trade Filings 31 XBRL: Interoperability Multiple Uses G/L Package ERP XBRL Custom Developed Systems US GAAP Financial Statement In English US GAAP Financial Statement In Dutch US GAAP Financial Statement to the Web US GAAP Financial Statement to Print XBRL Other Sources of Information XBRL Other Sources of Information Other Sources of Information US GAAP Financial Statement to Cell Phone XBRL: Interoperability Multiple Uses G/L Package ERP US GAAP Financial Statement Investors Creditors XBRL Custom Developed Systems EDGAR Filing XBRL Tax Filing XBRL Government Other Sources of Information Bank Filing XBRL News Agencies And Others Other Sources of Information Other Sources of Information Press Release Once Every Event is tagged in XBRL†¦ G/L Package ERP IAS Financial Statement in German US GAAP Financial Statement In English French Tax Filing Investors Creditors XBRL Custom Developed Systems XBRL XBRL Government Other Sources of Information Canadian Banking Filing XBRL News Agencies And Others Other Sources of Information Other Sources of Information EDGAR 10k line item via Cell Phone XBRL Working Model: Planned Specifications XBRL for G/L Journal Entry Reporting XBRL for Financial Statements XBRL for EDGAR Filings Processes Business Operations Internal Financial Reporting External Financial Reporting Investment and Lending Analysis XBRL for Business Event Reporting XBRL for Tax Filings Financial Publishers and Data Aggregators Participants Companies Investors Trading Partners Management Accountants Auditors Regulators Software Vendors XBRL: not a Transaction Protocol What it is †¢ XBRL is merely a format to serialize complex, structured financial data: e. g. , statements, G/Ls. †¢ Therefore, it cannot replace OFX, ebXML, ANSI X. 12 Trans Set 821, OMG G/L Spec, †¦ †¢ Future message sets in those protocols could include XBRL tagged data if they need to send financial statements in the message body. XBRL provides a framework and an AICPA approved vocabulary that can be extended to many other reporting frameworks. 36 XBRL: not an accounting standard †¢ Means of communicating – Current GAAP – Current practice †¢ Flexible standard – Future standards – Future general practice 37 XBRL: A Fragment of a Raw Data Raw Data in Spreadsheet Company Coca Cola Co. Coca C ola Co. Financial Statement Balance Sheet Line Item CurrentAssets. Cashand CashEquivalents CurrentAssets. Cashand CashEquivalents Label CurrentAssets. Cashand CashEquivalents CurrentAssets. Cashand CashEquivalents Year 1999 Value 1611 Balance Sheet 1998 1648 Same Raw Data in XML (XBRL) Format $1,611 $1,648 38 39 What software ‘sees’ is the differentiator and drives benefits (here is an example) 40 Importance of Reporting â€Å" [W]hat excites the CEO is the ability to know what the business is doing at any given point in time, react quickly to market shifts and competitive threats and remain in tight control while empowering employees to make informed decisions more quickly. Year End Earnings Release Call August 10, 1999 John Chambers Cisco CEO † 41 â€Å" Virtual Close The Best Practice has, in my opinion, just as much impact on a company’s future success or lack thereof as the wellpublished e-commerce area. Year End Earnings Release Call August 10, 1999 John Chambers Cisco CEO † 42 XBRL Impact †¢ â€Å" †¦ If Europe moves quickly to take up these standards, it could give them an attractive lead in the race to accessible and comparative key data that would stimulate investor interest. It would undoubtedly spawn a plethora of research tools that would be useful to both private and professional investors. † †¢ †¢ – Investors Chronicle, August 9, 2000 43 XBRL and the Emergence of ‘e‘eStandards’ †¢ E-Standards are fundamental †¢ HTML is the standard that enabled the web’s first ‘Big Step’ †¢ XML is the web’s next ‘Big Step’ – Over 200 XML-Based Specifications and Protocols exist, including— †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ RosettaNet – computer company supply chain and trading webs OBI – Open Buying on the Internet – retail e-commerce FpML – Financial Products (Derivatives, Swaps, FX) ACORD XML – Insurance industry information exchange standards derived from EDI. – UN/CEFAC = EBXML †¢ XBRL is uniquely focused on financial reporting 44 Standard . orgs (reporting vs ‘e’) Accounting / Auditing Reporting ASB IASC FASB IFAC SEC Territory Institutes ‘e-Business’ W3C OASIS;UN/CEFAC T (ebxml) xml. org RosettaNet ACORD What about these? CPAs participate / lead in these The range of what is under development today †¦ HR CRM â€Å"Horizontals† (Infrastructure) there are others†¦.. XBRL is uniquely focused on Etc. business reporting CHEMX RosettaNet ACORD FpML ANX â€Å"Verticals† (Industry Supply Chains) there are others†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. XBRL Adds Reporting to E-Commerce ETax One way Regulators Investors Creditors Lenders Website One way Aggregators BUSINESS ERP G/L Packages CRM 2-way Suppliers Transaction Creation 2-way †¢Orders †¢A/P †¢Delivery †¢Orders †¢A/R †¢Delivery Customers 47 XBRL Adds Reporting to E-Commerce ETax One way Regulators Investors Creditors Lenders Website One way Aggregators BUSINESS G/L Packages ERP CRM BUSINESS REPORTING XBRL 2-way Suppliers Transaction Creation 2-way (e-)Commerce OTHER XML INITIATIVES †¢Orders †¢A/P †¢Delivery †¢Orders †¢A/R †¢Delivery Customers 48 XBRL – What Key XBRL Components †¢ XBRL / XML Specification (XBRL. org) – Global architecture/technology †¢ XBRL hierarchical vocabulary (jurisdiction/industry) – Dictionary of terms by jurisdiction/industry sector Style Sheets †¢ XBRL enabled tools (preparer) (market) 49 Key to our Success Market driven model – Start simple, be inclusive Broad supply chain participation Members support XBRL Members do not compete on the â€Å"framework† Build structure systems to support open co mmunity market development 50 Steps in Technology Acceptance Acceptance Simplification/Tools Taxonomy Visionaries 51 Financial Institutions—and their Users Institutions— †¢ SMALL BUSINESS provides FINANCIAL INSTITUTION with their information in XBRL and receives loan approval in less than a day instead of two days—or two weeks. Average Time for Loan Processing—1. 75 days Value-added Analysis and Decision-making? 90% + time spent on Mechanics Less Risk With = Better Or Mechanics Analysis Mechanics Analysis Mechanics Analysis Mechanics Analysis Process more loans in the same amount of time 52 Benefits to Today’s Users †¢ 1. Reduce cost of analyzing and reporting financial information †¢ 2. Increase speed and efficiency of business decisions 3. Enhance the distribution and access of existing financial statement information 4. More readily exchanged 5. Increase and enhance analysis 53 Benefits †¢ 1. Reduce cost of analyzing and reporting financial information †¢ 2. Increase the speed and efficiency of business decisions †¢ 3. Enhance the distribution and usability of existing financial statement information 54 Example: Cost Reduction †¢ International Subsidiaries: †¢ Large multi-national corporation uses XBRL to quickly roll–up, analyze and publish the financial statements of numerous subsidiaries— †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ in different countries with different languages using different GAAP on different computer systems 55 Benefits †¢ 1. Reduce cost of analyzing and reporting financial information †¢ 2. Increase the speed and efficiency of business decisions †¢ 3. Enhance the distribution and usability of existing financial statement information 56 Example: Efficient Decisions †¢ Major mutual fund company feeds XBRL-ized information to customers to differentiate their funds as more objective and reliable investments †¢ An investor uses XBRL to compare the financials for a range of companies— – Belonging to different revenue levels – Located within an industry sector – Along multiple analytical criteria 57 Benefits †¢ 1. Reduce cost of analyzing and reporting financial information †¢ 2. Increase the speed and efficiency of business decisions †¢ 3. Enhance the distribution and usability of existing financial statement information 58 †¢ Loan Approval: Example: Credit – Small Business provides Bank with their financial information in XBRL and receives loan approval in 1 minute instead of 2 days †¢ Credit Approval: – Company approves customer credit request with automated assessment processes facilitated by XBRL †¢ Line of Credit: – Company provides capital markets with financial information in XBRL and receives expedited line of credit 59 XML Shortcomings? Not a replacement for integration and middleware tools Lots of Hype, not a solution for everything There are many different standards among industries Standards still evolving But, you can’t wait while the standards evolve†¦. 60 XBRL Development Adoption Final Thought†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Change is not what it used to be†¦.. Change has become a process; it’s become a permanent part of the external environment 62 Summary †¢ FASTER – BETTER †¢ CHEAPER †¢ Our profession will have to follow technology and record business activity in an real-time mode. 63 Concluding Remarks .. 64 How to cite Xbrl, Papers

Operating Systems

Question: Discuss about the Operating Systems. Answer: Introduction Operating System or OS is software that connects a user to the system which gives common services to all the programs in the system. Everything requires the OS to run except for the firmware. OS can be termed as the bridge between the users and the computer that helps in performing the task with ease. It is the most important program that needs to be installed in the computer so that the computer can run any kind of third party programs and applications. It also helps in performing the basic tasks such as it controls the input and output, keeping track of files in the directories, manages space and also helps in controlling the peripherals such as keyboards, mouse and many more. It also helps in running multiple applications at a time also it makes sure that applications does not crash. With larger systems, the operating system has even greater task to perform like handling multiple things at a same time, performing critical tasks and allows multithreading so as to allow multiple app lications in different space. There are different types of operating system such as Single and Multi-Tasking OS, Single and Multi-User OS, Templated, Embedded, Real-time and Library. Operating systems can be classified into different types like Microsoft Windows, Linux, MacOS and Solaris (Jobs et al., 2014). Multi-User Operating System A Computer Operating system offers Multi-User Operating system that allows several users to work on different systems or terminals so that they can access the shared OS all over the terminal. The problem with this is that it is quite complicated and are necessary as per the requirements of different users those who are connected on the same network. Multi user OS gives access to users who are in the same terminals that gives them the access to the terminal as well as to other systems on the same system such as the scanner and printers. It is very much different from the Single User OS as in Single user, only one use in charge of the whole network while on Multi user; different users are able to share on the same network and access different peripherals from distance. The operating system is the most important thing as it gives multiple users to access the same terminal while using only one OS. It is also manages memory and keeps track of the processing of different kinds of application and programs that run on the system. It also recognizes the peripherals and also helps in handling the user interaction and helps in checking the data requests. It is very important for the system which is accessed by multiple users as it requires the system to work properly and all the request that are send should be acknowledged as fast as it can so that the work goes smoothly and if there is any difficulty performing the tasks, the OS can notify the users. These are mainly used by the mainframes and the main problem with the multi user OS is that, if for some reason the system fails, it would affect hundreds of users who are connected with the network. Multi users allows all of them to access the common data and process them at the same time in a single system w hich are connected with a bigger system through wired connections tough nowadays wireless connection is also possible (Stallings, 2014). Businesses and offices often use the Multi User OS where there are multiple users who need to share the same information but cannot be installed particularly to each computer. The OS should be capable of handling all the tasks effectively and should fulfill different kinds of needs and requests that the users make. Multi User OS has a huge responsibility on the OS as it needs to give all the users the same resources in order to work efficiently by managing the usage of the resources and keeping the allocations for resources separately. This act ensures that it is does not hinder with the effort of another user and even if there is any error, it does not affect the whole system or different users who are connected to the network. For this reason, it becomes quite complicated as it needs to allocate resources to different users so that they can do their work without any problem so it becomes more difficult to implement as in the case of Single User OS, the OS needs to handle all kinds of operations and requests from a single user (Kim, Lee Sohn, 2016). Multi user allows the users to share the same document over the same network without using any external drives and it can be sent to any level of the organization that are connected over the same network. Multi user OS also allows the users to access different files from different systems and if any changes are required it can be done without any problem. Also, if there is any problem with a single system, it does not affect the other systems that are connected to the same network. The main advantage of using this kind of OS is that it offers time sharing which ensures that no two tasks are executing at the same time. If there is a queue, it ensures that the task with less time is executed first so that others need not to wait for the one who will need the maximum time (Karlsson Eriksson, 2014). The operating system gives isolation to each process from other users which gives them the freedom to execute all the tasks concurrently. There are few disadvantages also using the multi user operating system that if the network collapses, every system connected with the network will go down and no tasks will perform. Also, using this OS gives other users to access the files from different system which can be quite dangerous as this gives other users the authority to manipulate the data or even steal it. Connected to the same network means if there is an attack on the network, every single system will have to suffer and all the personal files will get stolen. History Background Microsoft released a group of server operating system under the brand name of Windows Server. The first windows server edition that was released by Microsoft was named as the Windows Server 2003 however the very first server edition that was released for the public were Windows NT 3.1 which were later followed by advanced Windows NT 3.5, Windows NT 4.0 and Windows Server 2000 Server (Stallings, 2014). The Windows Server 2000 was the very first server to include Active Directory, DNS Server, DHCP Server, Group Policy and many other features which are used today (Walter Karlsson, 2014). The Windows Server is broadly classified into four major era known as the NT Era (1993-1996), Active Directory Era (2000-2005), The Visualization Era (2008-2013) and Cloud Era (2016- to present). The NT Era 1993 The first ever server that was released by Microsoft was the NT Server 3.1 which was based on a 32-bit architecture. It was released on 27th July, 1993. It is an extension for the very look alike Windows 3.1. It was developed by Microsoft with the help of IBM and was intended to rewrite as OS/2 operating system (Stallings, 2014). 1994 The second iteration of Windows Server was released on 21st September, 1994 and was named as NT Server 3.5. It aimed in improving the performance and stability issues that were present in NT 3.1. With NT .5, the very first Workstation and Server were introduced in the market. With the introduction of these, the NT changed to NT Advanced server. It also included Winsock and TCP/IP which is a vast improvement from the previous version. 1995 The third installment from Windows server line up was the NT Server 3.51. The version was released in the year 1995 in the month of May. It was an incremental update from the previous version but there were some major changes like the inclusion of PowerPC Architecture. It also included client/server support, PCMCIA support; NTFS file compression, 3D support in OpenGL, persistent IP routes which uses the TCP/IP and ToolTips. 1996 The fourth iteration was released on 31st July, 1996 and was named as the NT Server 4.0. It included the Windows Shell and also used the notation of My. There were some enhancements like high resolution color icons, wallpaper stretching and many more features. It was the final release which supports the Alpha, MIPS or PowerPC architecture (Walter Karlsson, 2014). The Active Directory Era 2000 Windows Server 2000 was a major release and was the 5th version in the Microsoft Server lineup. It was released in the year 1999 on 15th December and later it was retailed on 17th February, 2000. It was officially the last version to use the Windows NT designation. It was released with 3 versions namely Server, Advanced Server and Datacenter which was aimed to work with the Windows 2000 Professional desktop OS. It was also a major release because it had the very first Active Directory Services along with NTFS 3.0, EFS, DFS and many more (Tulloch Team, 2013). 2003 The 6th version of Windows Server family was released on 24th July 2003. It included XP GUI, improved performance and stability, better security features and an enhanced Active Directory Service. Microsoft also incorporated the .NET Framework and .NET branding. It supports the functioning of older apps and better deployment tools to ease the working from NT 4.0 (Walter Karlsson, 2014). 2005 The next iteration of the Windows line up was the Windows Server 2003 R2 which was released in 6th December 2005. It was released for both 32-bit and 64-bit platforms. The key features that were included in this version were Centralized management tools, enhanced DFS, improved WAN data replication, better extranet support, password synchronization, storage manager and many more nifty features (Stanek, 2013). The Virtualization Era 2008 The 8th version of the lineup was named as the Windows Server 2008 which was released on 27th February 2008 and is the direct successor of Windows Server 2003 R2. Server Core was introduced for the very first time which was officially the back bone for the Windows Server with no shell, no IE, no .NET Framework. Also it included the Active Directory roles which were used for identity, certificate and other management services, Self-healing NTFS and Hyper-V (Schauland Jacobs, 2016). 2009 The 9th version of the Windows server was named as the Windows Server 2008 R2. It was released on 22nd October, 2009. This version of windows server was built on the same kernel as Windows 7 and incorporated the new 7 GUI. It was the first server OS to have the 64-bit architecture. With the inclusion of 64-bit, many new features were added like heavy improvements in virtualization, Active Directory, a new IIS (7.5), better power management, added PowerShell 2.0 to the server core (Messenger Strecke, 2013). 2012 3 years later, the Windows Server 2008 R2 got replaced with Windows Server 2012 which was a major update over the previous version. It featured the 8 GUI. It was officially released in September 2012. It came with pack of new features like the Server Manager, IIS 8, it got the ability to switch between Core and GUI, n newer version of Hyper-V and the introduction of Resilient File System (Ferrari, 2017). 2013 Next is the Windows 8.1 which was a minor update over the previous version. It was released on October 2013. It featured the 8.1 GUI which came with a new start button. Some of the major new features that were included in this version were the Windows PowerShell v4, Office 365, IIS 8.5, Windows Defender which was added in the core, Faster VM Development, VHD Duplication and enhanced Group policy (Rosales et al., 2013). The Cloud Era 2016 The next major overhaul of the Windows Server OS came in the year 2016 which was termed as Windows 10. It is called as the most fundamentally re-engineered version of Windows server in a long time. Many features were added in this version for the first time like the Azure, System Center and Server Teams. Oracle Solaris In the year 1987, two major companies ATT and Sun announced they are coming together on a project to merge UNIX variants like the BSD, System V and Xenix which result in the Unix System V Release 4. On 4th September, 1991, Sun announced that it would replace all the existing BSD-derived UNIX, SunOS 4 with one based on SVR4. This was initially named as SunOS 5 but later changed to Solaris 2. The main reason this happened because it included new features like the OpenWndows graphical user interface and Open Network Computing (van Surksum, 2017). SunSoft slated that Solaris 2 was intent to support both SPARC and x86 systems as the first two Solaris systems were SPARC based only. In 1993, Solaris 2.1 was released with x86 version as a desktop and uniprocessor workgroup server operating system. In 1994, Solaris 2.4 was released which supported both the SPARC and x86 systems from a unified source code base (Berg et al., 2016). Comparison of Windows Server 2016 in GUI and CLI The main difference between GUI and CLI is that GUI allows direct interaction with the systems with the help of keyboard and mouse while, CLI refers to the way the user interacts with the system with the help of typing some lines of code to the terminal window. CLI or Command Line is usually more difficult to master over the GUI provides highlevel of richness in the user interface (Jashnani et al., 2014). While using the Command Line, users got more control over the files and the operating system. Command line helps the users to have the multitasking even more possible but the only problem is that they do not give rich user interface that the GUI provides (Chiang et al., 2015). Also using the CLI, it reduces the efficiency that a user can get using the GUI. Command Line generally takes less of the resources of the computer (Remington, Yuen Pashler, 2016). GUI or Graphical User Interface is usually more graphically rich and visually intuitive and every user uses the GUI over the CLI as it is more easy to understand and easy to handle. The GUI gives the user the access to manipulate various actions at a single time like viewing, controlling also managing the folders (Erickson, Thogmartin Szymanski, 2014). With the help of keyboard and mouse, any user can perform any sort of task in the OS. Moreover, the problem with GUI is that it takes more resources than the CLI does (Childs, 2013). For this reason, it is quite slow when it comes to loading of icons and fonts. The greatest advantage of using the GUI is that users can create a shortcut for the applications that they use more frequently so they do not have to open the same thing again and again nor they need to write any code of lines for accessing the file or performing any task and Windows Server 2016 offers a great GUI to perform the tasks while on the other hand, CLI for every windows version is quite the same as all the versions are built on the same kernel ("What Is Server Core?", 2017). Comparison of Oracle Solaris in GUI and CLI Users can check the network configuration either with the help of CLI or GUI. Both can be used to interact with NWAM configuration. In Solaris, a task can be performed by using the CLI or GUI depending on the type of task. But there are some differences between the CLI and GUI is that it differs in Functionality Differences that if any notification comes, with GUI they are displayed on the screen as soon as they pop up but with CLI, users need to manually see the notification by writing a line of code. If the user wants to check the status of the network using GUI, they need to hover the mouse over the network area to view while for CLI, the user needs to write a code manually to see the status ("Solaris Advanced User's Guide", 2017). In GUI, network configuration profile is called the Network Profile while in CLI; it is referred to as the network connections. GUI gives more detailed information about the network while using the CLI; a user can get a glimpse of information. Using GUI , enabling and disabling the NCPs is same as the command line for Switching network profiles or connections ("Introduction to the NWAM Graphical User Interface - Oracle Solaris Administration: Network Interfaces and Network Virtualization", 2017) (Borges, 2014). Conclusion The Operating System is the most important thing that users need to install in their system so as to interact with the applications. There are different types of Operating System such as the Multi User OS, Single User OS, Templated, Real Time and library. Every OS has its own pros and cons. The most used form of OS that is used is the Multi user OS and Single User OS. The Single User OS is generally used for personal work like in home while in the Multi User OS, it is used in business where several computers are connected and in need to share files among each other. The main problem, using the Multi User OS is that it is connected over the same terminal or network so if the network fails, every system connected to it will stop working. As these progressed, there was a huge evolution of Windows Server and it went through major for changes. It started with NT 3.1 which has the minimalistic design and now in Windows 10, it got rich user interface. While Windows was on the rise, there wa s another OS names Oracle Solaris who started its journey in 1987 and is the base of all Operating Systems. With the evolution of operating system, founders have tried to rich the GUI so that the users may not need to run any line of codes as using the CLI is quite complicated and GUI runs with the help of keyboard and mouse as it does not require any line of codes. Also using the CLI, it minimizes the use of resources and GUI uses more resources than the CLI. References Berg, P. W., Stockdale, R. F., Fischer, C. T., Voutov, P. M., Oikarinen, M. J., Dillon, A. J. 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